Short answer: No
Long answer: That would require incomplete combustion, which would drastically reduce fuel efficiency. Not to mention, all of the possible undesired compounds that would likely be created from the combustion of fuel with those additives. Also, additives tend to foul fuel nozzles, which requires more maintenance and more frequent engine cleaning.
Planetary heating is caused more by greenhouse gasses reflecting and trapping heat, rather than letting the Earth radiate that heat into space. The best strategy with current technology is to reduce the creation of those greenhouse gasses.